Answers to frequently asked questions from foreigners about Ukraine: history, culture, traditions

What do foreigners most often ask about Ukraine? Is Ukrainian really one of the most melodious languages in the world? What traditional dishes are worth trying? Find out more detailed answers to the most common questions to better understand Ukraine, its people and unique national heritage

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Ukraine is a country with a rich history, deep traditions and unique culture. Many foreigners are interested in Ukraine's past, national peculiarities, and modern life.

In this article, we have collected the most frequently asked questions from visitors to our country and provided comprehensive answers to help them better understand Ukraine.

🌍 Want to discover Ukraine in a new way? From the mountainous landscapes of the Carpathians to the cozy streets of Lviv, from the blue lakes of the Shatsk National Park to the majestic Kyiv, Ukraine impresses with its beauty and history. Choose a tour and embark on an unforgettable journey!

A guide to Ukraine: the main things foreigners need to know

1. When and how did Ukraine gain independence?

Ukraine declared independence from the USSR on August 24, 1991. This became possible after centuries of struggle for freedom. On December 1, 1991, in a referendum, more than 90% of Ukrainians confirmed their desire for independence.

Interestingly, Ukraine's Declaration of Independence has similarities with the U.S. Declaration of Independence, as both documents are based on the principles of self-determination, freedom, and human rights.

2. What happened to Crimea in 2014?

In 2014, Russia illegally annexed Crimea in violation of international law. After the Revolution of Dignity, Russian troops seized the territory and organized an illegitimate referendum that was not recognized by any democratic country.

Historically, Crimea was home to the Crimean Tatars, the indigenous people of the peninsula. In 1944, the Soviet authorities deported them, accusing them of collaborating with the Nazis. After Ukraine gained independence, many Tatars returned to Crimea.

3. What are the official languages in Ukraine?

The only official language in Ukraine is Ukrainian. Previously, a large part of the population spoke Russian (especially in the East), but after 2014 and especially after 2022, most Ukrainians are actively switching to Ukrainian.

The Ukrainian language has deep roots, with a history dating back to the 11th and 12th centuries. Interestingly, in 1934, at the Paris Linguistic Competition, Ukrainian was ranked second among the most melodious languages in the world after Italian.

4. What traditional dishes are worth trying in Ukraine?

Ukrainian cuisine is known for its richness and flavor. Here are some of the most popular dishes:

Borsch is a red beet soup with meat, cabbage, and potatoes. In 2022, UNESCO recognized borsch as a cultural heritage of Ukraine.

Varenyky - dumplings with various fillings (potatoes, cheese, meat, cherries).

Salo is salted or smoked pork fat, which is a symbol of Ukrainian cuisine.

Deruny - potato pancakes, usually served with sour cream.

5. What are the most important Ukrainian holidays?

Ukrainians are very respectful of their traditional holidays. Here are the most important ones:

Christmas (December 25) - celebrated with carols, kutia, and nativity scenes.

Easter is celebrated with the blessing of Easter cakes and the painting of Easter eggs.

Independence Day (August 24) is the country's main public holiday.

Interestingly, the famous Christmas song “Carol of the Bells” is based on the Ukrainian melody “Shchedryk” written by Mykola Leontovych in 1916.

6. Is there a difference between Western and Eastern Ukraine?

Although the regions have cultural differences, Ukraine is one country.

In the West, there has historically been a stronger European influence, and more Ukrainian is spoken.

In the East, due to the Soviet past, more people spoke Russian, but the situation changed after 2014.

Since the outbreak of full-scale war in 2022, most Ukrainians have united around their language, culture, and identity.

7. What traditional dances exist in Ukraine?

The most famous Ukrainian dance is Hopak. It is performed with high jumps and acrobatic movements. Hopak originated from the Cossacks, who used it as a martial art.

Traveling in Ukraine is not just a change of locations, but an opportunity to feel the true atmosphere of the country. To make the trip comfortable and hassle-free, it is better to entrust the organization to professionals. Ready-made tours with carefully thought-out routes, comfortable transportation and the most interesting locations are a chance to see Ukraine without unnecessary planning.

8. What are the most famous places in Ukraine?

Ukraine has many attractions:

Kyiv Pechersk Lavra (Kyiv) is one of the oldest Orthodox shrines.

St. Sophia Cathedral (Kyiv) is a monument of the 11th century.

Lviv Opera House is an architectural masterpiece. 
The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant is the site of the world's largest nuclear disaster in 1986.

The Motherland Monument is one of the tallest statues in Europe.

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9. Who are the Heavenly Hundred?

“The Heavenly Hundred are Ukrainians who died during the Revolution of Dignity (2013-2014). They protested against corruption and fought for the country's European future.

Every year on February 20, Ukraine honors the memory of these heroes.

10. Is Ukraine a part of Russia?

No! Ukraine is an independent state with its own history, culture and traditions.

Ukraine has existed as a separate country since the times of Kievan Rus (IX-XIII centuries), and its struggle for independence lasted for centuries.

11. What is the national symbol of Ukraine?

One of the main symbols of Ukraine is the Trident, a coat of arms that has a thousand-year history. It dates back to the time of Prince Volodymyr the Great (tenth century) and symbolizes the strength, independence and unity of the Ukrainian people.

Other important symbols are the yellow and blue flag (representing wheat fields under a blue sky) and the anthem “Neither Glory nor Freedom Has Died in Ukraine Yet”, which reflects the Ukrainian struggle for freedom.

12. Are there any deserts or exotic natural landscapes in Ukraine?

Yes. Although Ukraine is known for its black soil and forests, it also has the Oleshky Sands, the largest desert in Europe, located in the Kherson region.

In addition, Ukraine has:

The Carpathians - picturesque mountains with dense forests and waterfalls.

Askania-Nova is one of the oldest biosphere reserves in Europe.

The Danube floodplains are a unique system of marshes and river islands in the south of the country.

13. Which prominent Ukrainians are known in the world?

Ukrainians have made great contributions to world culture, science, and sports. Some of the most famous are:

Taras Shevchenko - national poet, symbol of the struggle for freedom.

Ivan Franko is a famous writer, philosopher, and public figure.

Sergei Korolev - chief designer of the Soviet space program.

Bohdan Khmelnytsky - a hetman who united Ukrainian lands in the seventeenth century.

Vitali and Wladimir Klitschko are legendary boxers and world champions.

Andriy Shevchenko is one of the best football players in Europe.

14. Is it safe to travel in Ukraine?

Due to the full-scale war that Russia started in 2022, some parts of Ukraine remain unsafe. However, there are regions, especially in the west of the country, that remain relatively safe for visitors.

Ukrainians are very hospitable, and the cities of Lviv, Kyiv, Odesa, and other tourist destinations remain open to foreigners. If you are planning a trip, keep an eye on the current security situation.

15. Does Ukraine have its own mythology and folklore?

Yes, Ukrainian mythology is rich in legends and fairy tales that have been passed down from generation to generation.

Among the most famous mythical creatures are:

Mavkas are forest spirits who lure people by singing.

Vodianyk is a water spirit that protects rivers and lakes.

Chuhayster is a kind forest giant who protects travelers.

The Cossack fortune-tellers were warriors with supernatural powers who could predict the future.

Ukrainians also have their own folk amulets - motanka dolls, pysankas, embroidered shirts with sacred symbols that have protective powers.

Ukraine is not only a country with a rich history and culture, but also a modern state that continues to develop. It has its own traditions, rich cuisine and ancient customs.

Every year more and more foreigners discover the beauty and uniqueness of Ukrainian culture. If you have not been to Ukraine yet, be sure to visit this amazing country!💙💛

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