Soon, Ukrainians will celebrate Christmas and the Christmas Eve that comes the day before. Find out more about why 12 dishes are prepared for Christmas in Ukraine, the significance of this tradition, how the customs of Christmas Eve were formed, and what features have survived to this day
Christmas is one of the most important holidays in the Christian tradition, with deep religious and cultural roots.
In Ukraine, it is accompanied by rich customs and traditions that have been formed over the centuries. One of the most iconic traditions is the preparation of 12 meatless dishes on Christmas Eve, the evening before Christmas, which falls on December 24.
Why 12 dishes? In order to understand the meaning of this tradition, we need to look at the religious, cultural and everyday life of the Ukrainian people. Let's take a look at them below.
Religious symbolism of the number 12
The number 12 has a sacred meaning in the Christian tradition. It symbolizes the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ, his closest disciples who witnessed his earthly life, death, and resurrection.
On Christmas Eve, when the family gathers around the table, each dish symbolizes one of the 12 apostles. This also reminds us of unity, cohesion, and spiritual communion.
In addition, the number 12 appears frequently in the biblical tradition: 12 tribes of Israel, 12 gates in the Heavenly Jerusalem, 12 months in a year.
Thus, this number represents order and harmony, which should be present in both spiritual and everyday life.
Lenten nature of the dishes
Christmas Eve is the last day of the Christmas fast, which lasts 40 days and ends with the solemn celebration of the birth of Christ. Therefore, all the dishes served on the festive table are lean. In this way, believers demonstrate humility and spiritual preparation for the holiday.
Among the traditional dishes on Christmas Eve are:
• Kutia, the main ritual dish that symbolizes life, prosperity, and family unity;
Depositphotos
• uzvar, a drink made from dried fruit that symbolizes purification and new life;
• other dishes: dumplings, stuffed cabbage, borsch with mushrooms, fish, mushrooms, cabbage soup, baked apples, etc.
Each dish has its own symbolic meanings and is prepared from products provided by nature.
Don't want to miss important updates and useful materials? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter!
Tradition as a way of family unity
Christmas Eve is a special time when the whole family gathers around the table.
Cooking 12 dishes becomes a way to involve all family members in the festive preparations. Everyone has a role to play: someone makes dumplings, someone cooks a soup, and someone decorates the house. This process brings the family closer together, promotes communication and passes on traditions from older to younger generations.
A deep connection with nature
Ukrainian traditions are often intertwined with natural cycles. Christmas holidays coincide with the winter solstice, which symbolizes the beginning of a new cycle in nature.
The 12 dishes can also be associated with the 12 months of the year, each of which brings its own fruits. Thus, through the dishes, people thank God for the harvest and blessings.
The evolution of the tradition
Although the basic principles of a festive dinner remain the same, the set of dishes may vary depending on the region and family preferences. For example, in western Ukraine, mushroom dishes are popular, in the south, more fish, and in central Ukraine, kutia with poppy seeds is preferred.
Despite these differences, the general idea remains: 12 dishes as a symbol of harmony, prosperity, and spiritual connection with God.
The tradition of preparing 12 dishes for Christmas in Ukraine is a unique combination of religious symbolism, cultural heritage, and everyday customs. Preserving this tradition is not only a tribute to the past, but also a way to preserve national identity and pass it on to future generations.
We wish you a Merry Christmas!
Want to know more? Read the latest news and useful materials about Ukraine and the world in the News section.
We recommend purchasing it for a safe and comfortable trip to Ukraine:
Visit Ukraine Insurance – insurance covering military risks for entry and travel in Ukraine;
Visit Ukraine Car Insurance – car insurance with extended coverage in Ukraine;
Visit Ukraine Legal Advice – comprehensive legal support on entry to Ukraine;
Visit Ukraine Tickets – bus and train tickets to/from Ukraine;
Visit Ukraine Tours – the largest online database of tours to Ukraine for every taste;
Visit Ukraine Hotels – hotels for a comfortable stay in Ukraine;
Visit Ukraine Merch – patriotic clothing and accessories with worldwide delivery.
© 2018-2024, Visit Ukraine. Use, copying or reprinting of materials on this site is permitted only with a link (hyperlink for online publications) to Visit Ukraine.
All rights reserved.
Frequantly
asked questions
Why did Ukraine change the date of Christmas?
How do people celebrate Christmas in Ukraine?
When is Christmas celebrated in Ukraine?
Recommended articles
2 min
Cost of livingRental prices in 2024: ranking of the most expensive and cheapest cities in Ukraine
Despite the full-scale invasion, the demand for rental apartments is growing rapidly. Find out more about the cheapest and most expensive cities in Ukraine for apartment rental in 2024
12 Dec. 2024
More details2 min
DocumentsIs it possible to travel abroad with a reservation and what is required for this?
Travelling abroad for people with a reservation is possible, but requires strict compliance with the law and careful preparation of documents. Each case is unique and requires an individual approach. Find out more about how men with reservations can travel abroad in 2024 and who to contact for help
12 Dec. 2024
More details1 min
PopularFines for transporting Christmas trees by car in Europe: how to avoid getting caught?
An improperly secured Christmas tree is not just a threat of a fine. In the event of an accident, a tree weighing 10 kg can strike with a force of 750 kg. Find out how to avoid fines and make your trip comfortable and safe
12 Dec. 2024
More details1 min
For refugeesUkraine launches project to return refugees from abroad: details
The Ukrainian government has announced the launch of a pilot project to return refugees from abroad. Find out when it will be launched and what it will be about
12 Dec. 2024
More details