Degree of society during the war: a study on the mood of Ukrainians
At the end of December 2024, Gradus Research conducted the eleventh wave of monitoring as part of the project ‘Degree of Society in Time of War’. Find out what Ukrainians think about the duration of the war, the path to victory, the effectiveness of government institutions, and communication in Ukrainian
Gradus Research has conducted eleven waves of research on the attitudes of Ukrainians during the war as part of the project ‘Degree of Society in Time of War’. The last wave took place on 23-25 December 2024. In order to take the survey, you had to fill out a questionnaire in the Gradus app. Based on this data, a sample was created: cities with more than 50,000 residents aged 18-60 by gender, age, settlement size, and region. The sample did not include the temporarily occupied territories, and the number of respondents was 1,100. The main data on the migration intentions of Ukrainians in the event of an escalation of the situation, their states and emotions, perceptions of the duration of hostilities, and the language of communication are presented in the article.
Will there be a new wave of migration?
According to the study, we should not expect a new wave of migration. 60% of respondents said they would stay in Ukraine, even if the situation at the front gets worse. 17% said that in the event of an escalation, they would move further away from the hotspots, but within Ukraine, and only 10% plan to travel abroad in case of danger. Gradus Research experts attribute this positive trend primarily to the level of employment - since March 2022, it has increased from 24% to 65%. The majority of employed people are aged 25-54 (69-72%), while other age groups are employed only by 49-43%.
The level of wages has decreased during the war period - 52% of respondents reported this. 25% reported that salaries remained at the pre-war level. Young people earn more money, while the older generation earns less.
Despite the hostilities, Ukraine continues to attract visitors from all over the world. Read more abouthow the safety of tourists is guaranteed when travelling in Ukraine here.
How do Ukrainians feel during the war?
Ukrainians were asked to choose how they feel. We publish the results using a rating:
1. fatigue (52% of respondents);
2. tension (42% of respondents);
3. irritation (32% of respondents);
4. hope (31% of respondents);
5. powerlessness (31% of respondents);
6. disappointment (31% of respondents);
7. fear (27% of respondents)
The policy of the newly elected US President has had a positive impact on Ukrainians' attitudes towards the end of the war - 37% believe that the fighting will end in 2025. Also, 53% of respondents are confident that Ukraine will be able to repel the aggressor's attack.
Ukrainians are characterised by optimism - 42% of respondents believe that the country will become stronger. At the same time, the majority (38%) are inclined to believe that post-war recovery will take more than 5 years.
Culture, lifestyle, internal and external migration processes have changed during the war. Read moreabout the differences between the lives of Ukrainians before and during the war on Visit Ukraine.
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Who do the survey respondents trust?
Ukrainians trust the Armed Forces of Ukraine, volunteer organisations and the President the most.
At the same time, there is a tendency to increase the use of the Ukrainian language in everyday life - the share of such respondents increased from 53% in 2022 to 69% at the end of 2024.
To recap. The armed conflict in Ukraine remains one of the most discussed topics in global politics. Earlier, we told you what experts predict about the end of the war in 2025.
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